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分层自适应神经模糊推理系统控制器；晶闸管控制串联电容器补偿技术；自动发电控制（AGC）；多目标粒子群优化算法；电力系统动态稳定性；相互联系的多源电力系统 1

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Recent developments in passive interconnected vehicle suspension

Wade A. SMITH, Nong ZHANG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第1期页码 1-18 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0092-z

摘要： This paper presents an overall review on the historical concept development and research advancement of passive hydraulically interconnected suspension (HIS) systems. It starts with an introduction to passive HIS systems and their various incarnations developed over many decades. Next, a description is provided of a recently proposed multidisciplinary approach for the frequency-domain analysis of vehicles fitted with an HIS. The experimental validation and applications of the method to both free and forced vibration analysis are discussed based on a simplified, roll-plane half-car model. A finite-element-method-based approddach for modelling the transient dynamics of an HIS vehicle is also briefly outlined. In addition, recent work on the investigation of NVH associated with HIS-equipped vehicles is mentioned. Discussion is then provided on future work to the further understanding of HIS and its applications. The paper concludes that interconnected suspension schemes can provide much greater flexibility to independently specify modal stiffness and damping parameters – a characteristic unique among passive suspensions. It points out that there is a need for system optimisation, and there are troublesome NVH issues that require solutions. It suggests that further research attention and effort be paid to NVH issues and system level optimisation to gain a greater understanding of HIS and to broaden its applications.

关键词： interconnected suspensions rollover prevention vehicle dynamics ride comfort multibody system dynamics hydraulic system dynamics

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Exploration of interconnected factory mode: Haier Jiaozhou Air Conditioner Interconnected Factory

Yunjie ZHOU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 500-503 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017105

关键词： interconnected factory mode user-centered mass customization interconnection

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Multi-timescale optimization scheduling of interconnected data centers based on model predictive control

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0912-6

摘要： With the promotion of “dual carbon” strategy, data center (DC) access to high-penetration renewable energy sources (RESs) has become a trend in the industry. However, the uncertainty of RES poses challenges to the safe and stable operation of DCs and power grids. In this paper, a multi-timescale optimal scheduling model is established for interconnected data centers (IDCs) based on model predictive control (MPC), including day-ahead optimization, intraday rolling optimization, and intraday real-time correction. The day-ahead optimization stage aims at the lowest operating cost, the rolling optimization stage aims at the lowest intraday economic cost, and the real-time correction aims at the lowest power fluctuation, eliminating the impact of prediction errors through coordinated multi-timescale optimization. The simulation results show that the economic loss is reduced by 19.6%, and the power fluctuation is decreased by 15.23%.

关键词： model predictive control interconnected data center multi-timescale optimized scheduling distributed power supply landscape uncertainty

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Parameter identification of interconnected power system frequency after trip-out of high voltage transmission

Xuzhan ZHOU,Shanshan LIU,Mingkun WANG,Yiping DAI,Yaohua TANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 386-393 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0323-9

摘要： Accurate modeling and parameters of high voltage (HV) grid are critical for stability research of system frequency. In this paper, simulation modeling of the system frequency was conducted of an interconnected power system with HV transmission lines in China. Based on recorded tripping data of the HV transmission lines, system parameters were identified by using genetic algorithm (GA). The favorable agreement between simulation results and recorded data verifies the validity of gird models and the accuracy of system parameters. The results of this paper can provide reference for the stability research of HV power grid.

关键词： high voltage (HV) grid frequency stability parameter identification primary frequency regulation (PFR)

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Incorporation of 3-dimensional lycopodium with hydrophobic nature and interconnected nano-channels into

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期页码 1162-1182 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2276-6

摘要： In the present research, for the first time, lycopodium as a novel nanofiller was incorporated into a polyvinylidene fluoride matrix to fabricate lycopodium/polyvinylidene fluoride flat-sheet membrane for desalination applications by vacuum membrane distillation process. The prepared lycopodium/polyvinylidene fluoride membranes and lycopodium were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, energy dispersive X-ray, and mapping analyses. Water contact angle and liquid entry pressure measurements were also performed. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize membrane structure and performance. The optimized lycopodium/polyvinylidene fluoride membrane exhibits superior performance compared to the neat polyvinylidene fluoride membrane in terms of flux, salt rejection, water contact angle, and hydrophobicity. In vacuum membrane distillation experiments, using a 15000 ppm NaCl solution as a feed at 70 °C, the neat polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, optimum membrane, and agglomerated membrane (with high lycopodium loading) demonstrated 3.80, 25.20, and 14.83 LMH flux and 63.30%, 99.99%, 99.96% salt rejection, respectively. This improvement in flux and salt rejection of the optimized membrane was related to the presence of lycopodium with hydrophobic nature and interconnected nano-channels in membrane structure. It was found that lycopodium, as the most hydrophobic material, effectively influences the membrane performance and structure for membrane distillation applications.

关键词： lycopodium hydrophobicity vacuum membrane distillation desalination

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Optimisation for interconnected energy hub system with combined ground source heat pump and borehole

Da HUO, Wei WEI, Simon Le BLOND

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期页码 529-539 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0580-0

摘要： Ground source heat pumps (GSHP) give zero-carbon emission heating at a residential level. However, as the heat is discharged, the temperature of the ground drops, leading to a poorer efficiency. Borehole inter-seasonal thermal storage coupled with GSHP maintains the efficiency at a high level. To adequately utilize the high performance of combined GSHP and the borehole system to further increase system efficiency and reduce cost, such a combined heating system is incorporated into the interconnected multi-carrier system to support the heat load of a community. The borehole finite element (FE) model and an equivalent borehole transfer function are proposed and respectively applied to the optimisation to analyze the variation of GSHP performance over the entire optimisation time horizon of 24 h. The results validate the borehole transfer function, and the optimisation computation time is reduced by 17 times compared with the optimisation using the FE model.

关键词： borehole thermal storage energy hub ground source heat pumps (GSHP) particle swarm optimisation

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Load shedding scheme for an interconnected hydro-thermal hybrid system with SMES

D. TYAGI, Ashwani KUMAR, Saurabh CHANANA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 227-236 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0198-6

摘要： The frequency of the power system varies based on the load pattern of the consumers. With continuous increase in the load, the frequency of the system keeps decreasing and may reach its minimum allowable limits. Further increase in the load will result in more frequency drop leading to the need of load shedding, if excess generation is not available to cater the need. This paper proposed a methodology in a hybrid thermal-hydro system for finding the required amount of load to be shed for setting the frequency of the system within its minimum allowable limits. The load shedding steps were obtained based on the rate of change of frequency with the increase in the load in both areas. The impact of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) was obtained on load shedding scheme. The comparison of the results was presented on the two-area system.

关键词： critical load frequency response load shedding multi-area system rate of change of frequency superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) device

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Smart product design for automotive systems

A. Galip ULSOY

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第1期页码 102-112 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0527-0

摘要： Automobiles evolved from primarily mechanical to electro-mechanical, or mechatronic, vehicles. For example, carburetors have been replaced by fuel injection and air-fuel ratio control, leading to order of magnitude improvements in fuel economy and emissions. Mechatronic systems are pervasive in modern automobiles and represent a synergistic integration of mechanics, electronics and computer science. They are smart systems, whose design is more challenging than the separate design of their mechanical, electronic and computer/control components. In this review paper, two recent methods for the design of mechatronic components are summarized and their applications to problems in automotive control are highlighted. First, the combined design, or co-design, of a smart artifact and its controller is considered. It is shown that the combined design of an artifact and its controller can lead to improved performance compared to sequential design. The coupling between the artifact and controller design problems is quantified, and methods for co-design are presented. The control proxy function method, which provides ease of design as in the sequential approach and approximates the performance of the co-design approach, is highlighted with application to the design of a passive/active automotive suspension. Second, the design for component swapping modularity (CSM) of a distributed controller for a smart product is discussed. CSM is realized by employing distributed controllers residing in networked smart components, with bidirectional communication over the network. Approaches to CSM design are presented, as well as applications of the method to a variable-cam-timing engine, and to enable battery swapping in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.

关键词： mechatronics automotive control co-design component swapping modularity active suspensions variable camshaft timing engine plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

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收回说明：使用基于多目标PSO的分层ANFIS控制器-TCSC增强互连多电源系统的动态稳定性 Retraction Note

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《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第5期 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.19r0001

摘要： None

关键词： None

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使用基于多目标粒子群算法多层自适应模糊推理系统晶闸管控制串联电容器补偿技术的互联多源电力系统动态稳定性增强器 Article

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《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第3期页码 394-409 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500317

摘要：在互联有电力系统中，载荷条件变化引起的结线功率交流与频率动态振荡的抑制已成为自动发电控制（automatic generation control, AGC）的重要职责。为缓解因负载变化导致的系统振荡，柔性交流输电系统（flexible AC transmission systems, FACTSs）可视为一种实用有效的解决方案。本文采用了一种隶属于FACTSs族的晶闸管可控串联补偿器（thyristor-controlled series compensator, TCSC），来增强互联电力系统多源的整体动态性能。为此，我们使用一种分层自适应神经模糊推理系统控制器－晶闸管可控串联补偿器（hierarchical adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system controller-TCSC, HANFISC-TCSC）在多区域互联电力系统中解决了两个重要的问题，即低频振荡和结线功率交换的偏差。为实现这一目标，使用多目标优化技术有其必然性。由于多目标粒子群优化算法（Multi-objective particle swarm optimization, MOPSO）在解决非线性目标问题上具有较高性能，已被用于这一优化问题中。本文对所提出的HANFISC-TCSC效能进行了精确评估，并在两个不同的互联电力系统（即双区域水柴油热和三区域水热发电系统）中，将其与传统的MOPSO-TCSC算法进行了对比。两个电力系统中仿真结果表明都可明确证实，与传统MOPSO-TCSC算法相比，HANFISC-TCSC具有更高性能。

关键词：分层自适应神经模糊推理系统控制器；晶闸管控制串联电容器补偿技术；自动发电控制（AGC）；多目标粒子群优化算法；电力系统动态稳定性；相互联系的多源电力系统

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我国陆路交通能源系统发展战略研究

杨勇平,武平,程鹏,师瑞峰,田新首

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第3期页码 153-162 doi: DOI 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.03.016

摘要：

以能源高质量发展、交通强国建设为契机，推动能源与交通融合，将提升能源、交通两大基础行业的低碳化、高效化、集约化发展水平，支持实现我国碳达峰、碳中和战略目标。本文梳理了陆路交通能源系统的发展现状与趋势，阐述了能源与交通融合的必然性，提出了由动力层、物理层、应用层组成的新型交通能源系统架构；从能源主导、交通主导、能源交通并重等视角，分别剖析了互联电力网、电动化交通、能源交通融合网3 种新型交通能源系统形态。在评估高速公路、高速铁路等典型线路上交通能源系统可利用的自然资源禀赋潜力的基础上，提出了3 层结构、3 类形态、3 种驱动力相结合的陆路交通能源系统发展策略，以引导形成清洁低碳、融合高效的新型综合交通基础设施体系。研究认为，陆路交通能源系统的创新方向主要包括成套核心装备研制、融合系统构建与运维、技术规范与标准体系建设。为此建议，推进以清洁能源为主导、以电能为媒介的现代交通能源系统，创建清洁能源发电‒ 零碳原料燃料‒ 电动化驱动的新型交通动力系统，实施集能源、交通属性于一身的交通能源一体化新型基础设施规划建设。

关键词：陆路交通交通能源系统互联电力网电动化交通能源交通融合网

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新一代人工智能技术引领下加快发展智能制造技术、产业与应用

李伯虎,柴旭东,张霖,侯宝存,刘阳

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第4期页码 73-78 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.04.012

摘要：

当前，正在进入“新互联网+大数据+人工智能+”时代，新一代人工智能技术引领下的智能制造系统是一种“新互联网+新智能制造资源/能力/产品”的人/机/物/环境/信息新型智能互联制造系统。本文阐释了新一代人工智能技术引领下的智能制造系统的内涵、体系架构、技术系统，探讨了新一代人工智能技术引领下的智能制造系统雏形初探——航天云网中的基于大数据智能技术，提出了发展新一代人工智能技术引领下的智能制造系统的若干建议，特别是重视技术、应用和产业的协调发展，在突出各国、各行业、各企业特色的同时，加强与全国、乃至全球的合作与交流，进而形成新时代下智能制造新模式、新手段和新业态。

关键词：新一代智能制造新型智能互联制造系统大数据智能

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The effect of hierarchical single-crystal ZSM-5 zeolites with different Si/Al ratios on its pore structure and catalytic performance

Yuexin Hou, Xiaoyun Li, Minghui Sun, Chaofan Li, Syed ul Hasnain Bakhtiar, Kunhao Lei, Shen Yu, Zhao Wang, Zhiyi Hu, Lihua Chen, Bao-Lian Su

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 269-278 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1948-3

摘要： Hierarchical single-crystal ZSM-5 zeolites with different Si/Al ratios (Hier-ZSM-5- , where = 50, 100, 150 and 200) were synthesized using an ordered mesoporous carbon-silica composite as hard template. Hier-ZSM-5- exhibits improved mass transport properties, excellent mechanical and hydrothermal stability, and higher catalytic activity than commercial bulk zeolites in the benzyl alcohol self-etherification reaction. Results show that a decrease in the Si/Al ratio in hierarchical single-crystal ZSM-5 zeolites leads to a significant increase in the acidity and the density of micropores, which increases the final catalytic conversion. The effect of porous hierarchy on the diffusion of active sites and the final catalytic activity was also studied by comparing the catalytic conversion after selectively designed poisoned acid sites. These poisoned Hier-ZSM-5- shows much higher catalytic conversion than the poisoned commercial ZSM-5 zeolite, which indicates that the numerous intracrystalline mesopores significantly reduce the diffusion path of the reactant, leading to the faster diffusion inside the zeolite to contact with the acid sites in the micropores predominating in ZSM-5 zeolites. This study can be extended to develop a series of hierarchical single-crystal zeolites with expected catalytic performance.

关键词： hierarchical zeolites single crystalline interconnected pores improved diffusion performance benzyl alcohol self-etherification reaction